Americans’ View on the Ideal Number of Children per Family DownLoad
Americans’ View on the Ideal Number of Children per Family
This paper attempts to examine how much socio-cultural variables affect Americans’ desired number of children.
1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Background
3. Hypotheses
4. Data/Measures
5. Results/Discussion
6. Conclusion
A 2013 Gallup poll found that Americans believe an average of 2.6 is the ideal number of children for a family to have. More specifically, the survey found that half of Americans (48%) think a smaller family of two children or fewer is ideal for themselves, while one-third favor a larger family of three children or more. For decades, the number of children that Americans consider ideal has shown little change, swinging between 2.2 and 2.8, although it was higher prior to the 1970s, fluctuating between 3.3 and 3.6. The average has sharply dr-opped, but it still remains above a total fertility rate of 2.08, which is needed to keep the U.S. population at a constant level.
Unfortunately, however, there is a large gap between the desired and actual fertility in the United States. A recent data released from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention showed that the nation’s general fertility rate in 2014 recorded 62.9 births per 1,000 women (aged 15 to 44), which is a sharp dr-op from 70.9 in 1990. The data also indicated that the total fertility rate – an estimate of how many children a woman is likely to have over her lifetime – hit a record-low in 2014, an average of 1.862, below the national replacement rate of 2.08. Economic experts argue that fertility declines negatively affect the national economy, because solid economic growth does not happen without an adequate and consistent supply of labor force.
Given the importance of populations in the national economy, it is meaningful to examine factors that may play a role in shaping Americans’ fertility ideals, because “individual childbearing preferences are known to be reasonable predictors of future births” (Adsera, 2005 p.3). Scholars have produced a variety of perspectives that explain the trend of fertility preferences and fertility outcomes. However, despite the existence of various factors that may increase or decrease fertility ideals, most previous research showed limited focus on the influences of socioec
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자료제목 : Americans’ View on the Ideal Number of Children per Family
파일이름 : Americans` View on the Ideal Number of Children per Family.docx
키워드 : ideal,number,of,children,American,family,Americans’,View,on,the
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